Defining the Dual-Function W-Shape Block
The W-Shape Block (San Makgi) is a distinctive technique characterized by its dual functions. The first function is defensive: it is used to intercept attacks, which may be delivered by either a foot or a hand, against the philtrum and areas above. The second, equally important function is to strengthen the leg muscles. The outer forearm and knife-hand are the principal blocking tools utilized for this technique. Although less common, the reverse knife-hand or inner forearm may also be used. The blocking motion must involve dipping the elbows slightly below the shoulder at the moment the block is delivered.
Execution, Stances, and Tool Selection
The W-Shape Block is commonly executed from several stances, with the sitting stance (Annun Sogi) and walking stance (Gunnun Sogi) being the most frequently employed. Parallel, close, one-leg, and X-stances are also used. When facing an attack from the front or side, the sitting, parallel, close, and one-leg stances are used. Conversely, the walking and X-stances are employed exclusively for attacks coming from the side. When the outer forearm is the blocking tool, it is used against an attack directed to the point above the philtrum. If the knife-hand is used, the block is employed when intercepting an attack directed toward the temple and areas above. The movement can be executed with either a full or half facing posture while blocking.
Integrating Stamping and Sliding Motions
A key element of the W-Shape Block, particularly when executed from a sitting stance, involves the use of stamping and sliding motions. These motions are used to accentuate hip movement and facilitate power generation. Specifically, the foot is placed with a stamping motion when blocking a single attack from the front, maintaining the blocking arm full facing and straight. In contrast, a sliding motion is used when blocking two simultaneous attacks coming from both sides. During a sliding block, the blocking tool should be half facing, and the elbows should be bent about 45 degrees. These stamping and sliding actions, while performed for hip articulation, are not intended for stamping the opponent’s instep or blocking an attack with the ball of the foot.
Common Errors and Alternative Tools
Several specific errors must be avoided to ensure the effectiveness of the W-Shape Block. Performing the W-Shape Block from a walking or X-stance is not suitable for blocking an attack from the front. Combining a foot stamp with the W-Shape Block can make it difficult to retain a natural position in the stance. Additionally, attempting to stamp the instep is impossible, especially if the opponent is airborne. If the block is performed with the reverse knife-hand, the stamping motion is excluded. The reverse knife-hand version is chiefly employed for blocking attacks directed toward the temple and area above. The inner forearm follows the same method and stance requirements as the reverse knife-hand and is normally used for blocking attacks aimed at the neck and areas above.
Pattern Work and Muscle Conditioning
The W-Shape Block is a recurring technique in advanced Taekwon-Do patterns, highlighting its necessity for complex defense. For example, in Toi-Gye Tul, the W-Shape Block using the outer forearm is performed multiple times in rapid succession, executed from a sitting stance using stamping motions. This emphasis in pattern work is directly linked to the technique’s secondary function: strengthening the leg muscles. Stronger leg muscles are crucial for helping the student maintain a good stance, which is the starting point for every Taekwon-Do movement. Maintaining a good stance is fundamental, as stability, agility, balance, and flexibility are the controlling factors of technique.