Defining the Circular Block Technique
The Inner Forearm Circular Block, officially known as An Palmok Dollimyo Makgi, is defined as a specific defensive technique used primarily to intercept a combination of simultaneous hand and foot attacks. This maneuver utilizes the inner forearm (Anpalmok) as the main tool for contact. Although the inner forearm is most commonly prescribed, this type of circular block can also be executed using the reverse knife-hand or, less frequently, the standard knife-hand. The inherent design of this block emphasizes a wide, sweeping action. This dynamic movement, when mastered, can rapidly break or destroy the moving opponent. This technique appears in the curriculum as early as the 6th grade level, indicating its importance for developing complex blocking skills.
Key Principles of Movement and Alignment
The execution of the circular block must adhere to specific body mechanics to maximize effectiveness. The essential function of this kick defense is achieved when the blocking tool reaches the opponent's attacking foot using a large circular motion, enabling the hand to effectively scoop the foot. This scooping action is necessary to destabilize the opponent and prevent the continuation of the attack. At the moment the block connects, the practitioner's fist or fingertip should reach the same level as the defender’s shoulder. To maintain the integrity of the motion and structure, the shoulder corresponding to the blocking arm must be positioned slightly lower than the opposite shoulder upon impact. This principle helps ensure that the entire body weight is correctly channeled into the block for maximal force.
Stance, Facing, and Readiness Posture
The most suitable foundation for executing the Inner Forearm Circular Block is the walking stance (Gunnun Sogi). This stance configuration provides the necessary balance and flexibility required to execute the sweeping circular motion effectively. To channel power and protect the torso, the practitioner must maintain a half facing posture toward the target at the moment of contact. Failure to maintain this posture exposes the side of the body. For training the Walking Stance Inner Forearm Circular Block, the ready position involves crossing the forearms in front of the lower abdomen. In this preparatory stance, both back fists must face upward, with the blocking arm positioned underneath the non-blocking arm. This crossing motion maximizes the distance the blocking tool travels, thereby increasing speed and power.
Integrating Motion and Power Generation
Power generation in this block is achieved through the coordinated movement of the body and the application of kinetic principles. The smooth, swift movement begins with the crossed arms in front of the lower abdomen. The inner forearm must finish the block by forming a straight line with the opposite shoulder at the point of impact. This precise alignment ensures that the power generated from the turning hip and abdomen transfers effectively through the blocking tool. The action of jerking the hip and abdomen, slowly at first and sharply at impact, is crucial for concentrating the force of the larger muscles into the smaller blocking tool. Following the successful block, the technique often flows immediately into a counter-attack, which, in training examples, is often demonstrated as a low front snap kick using the knee. This sequence transforms the defense into an immediate offensive threat.
Procedural Training and Execution Sequence
The methodical steps outlined in the training procedure ensure students develop correct habit and power. When training the walking stance variation, the movement begins by moving the foot forward into a walking stance while simultaneously executing the block. During the backward step-turning drill, the practitioner moves one foot back and turns counter-clockwise, forming the walking stance and executing the circular block. Clockwise turning is not considered practical for this specific movement. A key technical detail is that the inner forearm must be positioned to form a straight line with the opposite shoulder at the end of the block. Additionally, training drills often incorporate continuous motion where the circular block is immediately followed by a low front snap kick using the knee, demonstrating the block's role in clearing the path for an offensive follow-up.
Contextual Application in Advanced Patterns
The Inner Forearm Circular Block is essential for proficiency in advanced patterns, demonstrating its utility in complex combat scenarios. It is featured multiple times in patterns for higher grades. For instance, in Yoo-Sin Tul (68 movements), the circular block using the inner forearm is executed while maintaining a walking stance, illustrating its incorporation into longer defensive sequences. Similarly, in Choi-Yong Tul (46 movements), the block is executed on both sides (Movements 6 and 9) while the practitioner simultaneously maintains the walking stance. Mastering this technique within patterns helps students integrate the principles of force and balance, ensuring that body weight (mass) and speed (velocity squared) are maximized (P=MV^2) during movement. The consistent inclusion in these patterns underlines the expectation that this block be performed as a conditioned reflex, ensuring speed and accuracy.